Καὶ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 Καὶ

   KAI

   And
2. sentence🔊 Καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ὅτι Πάντες σκανδαλισθήσεσθε ὅτι γέγραπται Πατάξω τὸν ποιμένα καὶ τὰ πρόβατα διασκορπισθήσονται

   KAI LE-gei au-TOIS ho ee-ay-SOOS HO-ti PAN-tes skan-da-li-STHÊ-se-ste HO-ti GE-gra-ptai pa-TAK-sō ton poi-ME-na KAI ta PRO-ba-ta di-a-skor-pi-STHÊ-son-tai

   And he says to them the Jesus that all you will stumble because it is written I will strike the shepherd and the sheep will be scattered

Exegesis

The verse opens with kai legei {Καὶ λέγει | kaí légei} ‘and he says’, a historical present frequently used by Mark for vivid narration, followed by the dative autois {αὐτοῖς | autoîs} indicating the disciples as recipients of speech.

The quotation itself contains Pataxo ton poimena {Πατάξω τὸν ποιμένα | Patáxō ton poiména}, with a first person future active verb indicating divine action against ‘the shepherd’, followed by kai ta probata diaskorpisthesontai {καὶ τὰ πρόβατα διασκορπισθήσονται | kaí tá próbata diaskorpisthḗsontai}, a coordinated clause describing the inevitable scattering of ‘the sheep’. The shepherd–sheep metaphor aligns with leader–followers imagery, implicitly connecting Jesus and His disciples to the prophetic text. In translation, the two hoti clauses are rendered as “that” and “because” to distinguish content from cause, while preserving the passive nuance of skandalisthesesthe in “will be caused to stumble” (formal) and reflecting idiomatic English in “will fall away” (dynamic), both tied to the same underlying Greek structure.