| 15. Linguistic Exegesis The verse begins with idontes {ἰδόντες | idóntes} ‘having seen’, an aorist participle framing the main verb ēganaktēsan {ἠγανάκτησαν | ēganaktḗsan} ‘they became indignant’. The adversative particle de {δὲ | dè} shifts focus from Jesus’ actions to the leaders’ reaction. Two coordinated objects under idontes—hoi archiereis kai hoi grammateis {οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ γραμματεῖς | hoi archiereîs kaí hoi grammatêís} and tous paidas tous krazontas kai legontas {τοὺς παῖδας τοὺς κράζοντας καὶ λέγοντας | toùs paîdas toùs krátsontas kaí légontas}—highlight opposing groups. The substantive ta thaumasia {τὰ θαυμάσια | tà thaumásia} ‘the wonderful things’ with the relative clause ha epoiesen {ἃ ἐποίησεν | hà epōíēsen} ‘which he did’ underscores the miraculous cause. The prepositional phrase en tō hierō {ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ | en tôi hierôi} ‘in the temple’ situates the acclamation. The liturgical exclamation Hosanna {Ὡσαννὰ | Hôsannà} with the dative tō huiō Daudíd {τῷ υἱῷ Δαυίδ | tôi huíō Daudí} ‘to the Son of David’ marks Messianic acclaim. The main verb then conveys the leaders’ emotional response, contrasting praise and indignation to heighten theological tension. |