| 15. Linguistic Exegesis The temporal phrase bayamim hahemmah {בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֡מָּה | bā-yā-mîm hā-hemmāh} ‘in those days’ frames the historical context. The participle dorkhim-gittot {דֹּֽרְכִֽים־גִּתּ֣וֹת | dôrḵîm-gittôt} ‘treading winepresses’ denotes continuous harvest activity. Successive participles umevi’im {וּמְבִיאִ֣ים | ū-məḇî’îm} ‘bringing’ and ve’ōmsîm {וְֽעֹמְסִים | wə-‘ōmsîm} ‘loading’ build a cumulative action sequence. The conjunctive ve’af-yayin {וְאַף־יַ֜יִן | wə-’ap̄-yāyîn} ‘and also wine’ expands the list, capped by ve-kol-massa {וְכָל־מַשָּׂ֔א | wə-ḵāl-massā’} ‘all burdens’ for totality. The vav-consecutive in wa’ā‘îd {וָאָעִ֕יד | wā-’ā‘îd} introduces the warning action. The construct mikram {מִכְרָ֥ם | miḵ-rām} ‘of their selling’ specifies ownership of the transaction. The noun tsayid {צָֽיִד | ṣāyîd} ‘food’ identifies the prohibited merchandise. |