| 28. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with vechol yisrael {וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל | və-khōl yiś-rā-ʾēl} ‘and all Israel,’ establishing a corporate subject. The Piel participle ma‘alim {מַעֲלִים֙ | ma-ʿă-lîym} ‘bringing up’ conveys ongoing liturgical ascent toward the ark {אֲרוֹ֙ן | ʾă-rôn} ‘chest.’ The direct object marker et {אֶת־ | ʾet} marks aron as the action’s patient. The construct phrase berit Yahweh {בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה | bĕ-rît yĕ-hō-wāh} ‘covenant of the LORD’ links the covenant chest to its divine owner. A series of vav + preposition phrases—bitruah {בִּתְרוּעָה֙ | bĭṯ-rū-ʿāh} ‘with blast,’ uvekol {וּבְק֣וֹל | ū-və-qōl} ‘and with sound,’ shofar {שׁוֹפָ֔ר | šō-ṗār}, uvachatzotzrot {וּבַחֲצֹצְר֖וֹת | u-va-ḥa-ṣō-ṣrōṯ} ‘with trumpets,’ uvimtsiltayim {וּבִמְצִלְתָּ֑יִם | ū-və-mi-ṣil-tā-yim} ‘with cymbals’—builds cumulative intensity. The Hiphil participle mashmi‘im {מַשְׁמִעִ֕ים | maš-mî-ʿîm} ‘making heard’ indicates active proclamation, followed by binevalim {בִּנְבָלִ֖ים | bĭn-nə-ḇā-lîm} ‘with lyres’ and vekenorot {וְכִנֹּרֽוֹת | wə-kin-nôr-ōṯ} ‘and lyres,’ completing the musical ensemble. Repeated “with” and “and with” in translation preserve the Hebrew’s cumulative rhythm. |