| 5. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the vav-consecutive wə {וְ | wə} on the perfect verb natati {נָתַתִּי | nā-ṭat-ṭî} “and I will give,” presenting a divine pronouncement. Each item in the list is marked by the direct object indicator ʾet {אֶת | ʾeṯ} and quantified by kol {כָּל | kol}, stressing total surrender. The construct phrase ʾōṣrōt melkê Yehudah {אוֹצְרוֹת מַלְכֵי יְהוּדָה | ʾō-ṣrōṯ melkê Yə-hū-ḏāh} “treasures of the kings of Judah” situates the plunder. A tricolon of perfect verbs ū-və-zā-zūm, ū-lə-qā-ḥūm, və-hĕ-ḇî-ʾūm {וּבְזָזוּם, וּלְקָחוּם, וֶהֱבִיאוּם | ū-və-zā-zūm, ū-lə-qā-ḥūm, və-hĕ-ḇî-ʾūm} “and they plundered, and they took, and they brought” underscores the completeness of the spoil. The locative Bā-ḇelāh {בָּבֶלָה | Bā-ḇelāh} marks the destined exile. |