καὶ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 καὶ

   KAI

   {and}
2. clause🔊 Καὶ ⸀τοῦτο εἰποῦσα ἀπῆλθεν καὶ ἐφώνησεν ⸀Μαριὰμ τὴν ἀδελφὴν αὐτῆς λάθρᾳ εἰποῦσα·

   KAI TOU-to ei-POU-sa a-PÊL-then KAI e-PHÔ-nê-sen ma-ri-AM TÊN a-del-PHÊN au-TÊS LA-thra ei-POU-sa

   {And} this having said went away {and} she called her the sister Mary saying secretly
3. sentence🔊 Καὶ ⸀τοῦτο εἰποῦσα ἀπῆλθεν καὶ ἐφώνησεν ⸀Μαριὰμ τὴν ἀδελφὴν αὐτῆς λάθρᾳ εἰποῦσα· Ὁ διδάσκαλος πάρεστιν καὶ φωνεῖ σε.

   KAI TOU-to ei-POU-sa a-PÊL-then KAI e-PHÔ-nê-sen ma-ri-AM TÊN a-del-PHÊN au-TÊS LA-thra ei-POU-sa ho di-DAS-ka-los PA-res-tin KAI phô-NEI se

   {And} this having said went away {and} she called her the sister Mary saying secretly the Teacher is here {and} calls you

Exegesis

The subsequent kai ephonesen {καὶ ἐφώνησεν | kaì e-phó-ne-sen} ‘and she called’ advances the narrative, coordinated with apelthen by kai, showing successive actions.

Within the reported speech, ho didaskalos parestin {Ὁ διδάσκαλος πάρεστιν | Ho di-dás-ka-los pá-res-tin} forms an equative clause, foregrounding “the Teacher” as subject and emphasizing His present arrival, while kai phonei se {καὶ φωνεῖ σε | kaì phō-neî se} adds a coordinated clause expressing His active call to Mary. The Greek present tense in parestin and phonei conveys immediacy and ongoing relevance, which is reflected in English by “is here” and “is calling.” The English renderings convert participial constructions into subordinate clauses (“when she had said this,” “saying”) to maintain natural flow while preserving the temporal and quotative functions, and they retain the sequence and nuance of a confidential yet urgent summons.