John 18:13 — ExegesisTAB

The sentence is built as a narrative movement report followed by explanatory background. kai {καὶ | kaí} links this verse to the prior arrest scene, and egagon {ἤγαγον | ḗ-ga-gon} carries the main past action forward as a completed event. pros Hannan {πρὸς Ἅνναν | pròs Hán-nan} marks destination rather than mere direction, so Annas is the immediate recipient of the transfer. proton {πρῶτον | prô-ton} is placed early to foreground sequence and make Annas the first judicial stop. gar {γὰρ | gár} introduces explanation, not a new event. The kinship clause pentheros tou Kaiapha {πενθερὸς τοῦ Καϊάφα | penthe-ròs toû Kaï-á-pha} identifies Annas through his relation to Caiaphas by means of a genitive relationship. The relative pronoun hos {ὃς | hós} resumes Caiaphas and opens the final identifying clause, so the high-priest title belongs to Caiaphas rather than Annas. Archiereus {ἀρχιερεύς | ar-khi-e-reús} functions as the predicate noun with en {ἦν | ē̂n}, while tou eniautou ekeinou {τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ἐκείνου | toû en-i-au-toû e-keí-nou} narrows the office to a specific historical year. The syntax moves from arrest to sequence, from sequence to explanation, and then from explanation to time-bound authority.