John 18:29 — ExegesisTAB

The sentence opens with the aorist verb exelthen {ἐξῆλθεν | exēlthen} ‘went out,’ which advances the narrative and marks a fresh movement in the trial scene. The inferential particle oun {οὖν | oun} ‘therefore’ ties this action to the preceding context, presenting Pilate’s movement as a response to what has already happened. The subject ho Pilatos {ὁ Πιλᾶτος | ho Pilatos} follows the verb, a normal Greek order that foregrounds the action before identifying the actor. The adverb exo {ἔξω | exō} and the prepositional phrase pros autous {πρὸς αὐτοὺς | pros autous} define the direction of movement: Pilate exits and moves toward the group outside. The clause kai phesin {καὶ φησίν | kai phesin} shifts into direct speech, and the historic present creates immediacy in the courtroom exchange. Inside the question, tina kategorian {Τίνα κατηγορίαν | tina kategorian} places the interrogative first for emphasis, making the request explicitly about the precise legal allegation rather than a general grievance. The verb pherete {φέρετε | pherete} takes that charge as its object, while kata tou anthropou toutou {κατὰ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου | kata tou anthropou toutou} uses kata with the genitive to mark opposition and to identify the man as the target of the accusation. English renderings preserve this judicial force by keeping the movement explicit and by recasting the Greek noun phrase into a direct legal question.