| 10. Linguistic Exegesis The verse begins with velo {וְלֹא | və-lō} ‘and not,’ marking incomplete conquest. The Hiphil perfect horishu {הוֹרִ֔ישׁוּ | hô-rî-šû} linked by the vav consecutive in vayeshev {וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב | way-ye-šeḇ} contrasts intended expulsion with actual settlement. The direct-object marker et {אֶת־ | ʾet} foregrounds hakena‘ani {הַכְּנַעֲנִי | hak-kə-na-‘a-nî} ‘the Canaanite.’ The participle hayoshev {הַיּוֹשֵׁ֣ב | ha-yō-šêḇ} emphasizes ongoing habitation. The locative be-kerev Ephrayim {בְּקֶ֤רֶב אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ | be-ḵe-reḇ ʾep-ra-yim} denotes integration within tribal territory. The temporal phrase ʿad hayom hazeh {עַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה | ʿad ha-yôm ha-zé} highlights continuous duration. Finally, the clause vayehi le-mas oved {וַיְהִ֖י לְמַס־עֹבֵֽד | way-yə-hî le-mas ‘ô-ḇêḏ} indicates the transformation into a status of tributary labor. |