| 43. Linguistic Exegesis The verse unfolds through a sequence of vav-consecutive verbs expressing divine action and human response. It begins with vayitten {וַיִּתֵּן | wayyittēn} ‘and he gave’, foregrounding God’s initiative. The particle et {אֶת | ʾet} ‘definite object marker’ precedes kol-haaretz {כָּל־הָאָרֶץ | kol-hā-ʾāreṣ} ‘all the land’, emphasizing totality. The relative clause asher {אֲשֶׁר | ʾă-šer} ‘which’ introduces the oath nishba {נִשְׁבַּע | nišbaʿ} ‘he swore’ plus infinitive latet {לָתֵת | lāṯēt} ‘to give’, tightly linking promise and land. The phrase laavotam {לַאֲבוֹתָם | la-ʾă-ḇō-tām} ‘to their fathers’ specifies covenant recipients. Subsequent vav-consecutives, vayirashuha {וַיִּרָשׁ֖וּהָ | wayyi-rāšû-hā} ‘and they took possession of it’ and vayeishevuba {וַיֵּשְׁבוּ בָּהּ | wayyēšəḇû bah} ‘and they settled there’, depict fulfillment. The placement of Yahweh {יְהוָה | yəhōwāh} immediately after the verb underscores the divine centrality in land distribution. |