| 4. Linguistic Exegesis The Hebrew employs a repeated relative-clause introduced by kol {כָּל | kāl} “every,” binding mishkav {מִשְׁכָּב | miš-kāv} and keli {כְּלִי | ke-lî} into the legal scope. The participle ha-zav {הַזָּב | haz-zāv} specifies “the man with a discharge,” marking the source of impurity. The verb yitma {יִטְמָא | yiṭ-māʾ} in the imperfect conveys a resulting state of impurity upon contact. Maqqef links kol-ha-mishkav and ve-kol-ha-keli into single lexical units, ensuring defilement applies equally to “bed” and “vessel.” English uses “become unclean” or “considered impure” to signal the ritual-status change of the Hebrew imperfect. |