| 14. Linguistic Exegesis The clause begins with ve’îš {וְאִישׁ | wǝ-ʾîš} ‘a person’ plus kî {כִּי | kî} as a conditional particle introducing a hypothetical scenario. The imperfect form yōʾkhal {יֹאכַל | yōʾkhal} indicates the potential action of consuming qōdeš {קֹדֶשׁ | qōdeš} ‘sacred thing.’ The prepositional phrase bi-šgaġâh {בִּשְׁגָגָה | bi-šgaġâh} ‘in error’ marks the act as unintentional. The conjunction wə-yāsap {וְיָסַף | wə-yāsap} ‘and he shall add’ introduces the compensatory measure, with ḥammîšîṯô {חֲמִשִׁיתוֹ | ḥǎmîšîṯô} ‘its fifth part’ as object and ʿālâw {עָלָיו | ʿālâw} ‘upon it’ indicating calculation basis. Following this, wə-nāṯan {وְנָתַן | wə-nāṯan} ‘and he shall give’ governs lā-kōhên {לַכֹּהֵן | la-kōhên} ‘to the priest,’ with ʾet-hā-qōdeš {אֶת־הַקֹּדֶשׁ | ʾet-hā-qōdeš} ‘the sacred thing’ specifying what is restored. The sequence of waw-consecutive perfect forms structures a legal stipulation and underscores the requirement of precise restitution to maintain ritual purity. |