| 8. Linguistic Exegesis The verse begins with the circumstantial aorist participle gnous {γνοὺς | gnoùs} modifying the main verb eipen {εἶπεν | eîpen}, linking Jesus’ prior perception to His rebuke. The postpositive conjunction de {δὲ | dè} provides a discourse transition, while the article ho {ὁ | ho} with Iesous {Ἰησοῦς | Iēsous} marks the speaker. The interrogative pronoun ti {Τί | Tí} fronts the question in direct discourse, followed by the present middle/passive dialogizesthe {διαλογίζεσθε | dialogízesthe}, emphasizing the disciples’ ongoing internal discussion. The prepositional phrase en heautois {ἐν ἑαυτοῖς | en heautoîs} specifies the locus of their dialogue. The substantive adjective oligopistoi {ὀλιγόπιστοι | oligópistoi} functions as a vocative of rebuke, addressing their deficient trust. The conjunction hoti {ὅτι | hóti} introduces the causal clause explaining their concern: they lacked artous {ἄρτους | ártous}, the direct object of the aorist indicative elabete {ἐλάβετε | elábete}, negated by ouk {οὐκ | ouk}. In translation, “knowing it” and “knew what they were saying” preserve the participial nuance, “debating” and “arguing” differentiate deliberation and tense exchange, and “about not having loaves” versus “just because you did not bring bread” convey the causal emphasis. |