| 13. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with kol {כָּל | kāl} “all” plus hā-ʾez-rāḥ {הָאֶזְרָ֥ח | hā-ʾez-rāḥ} “the native-born” forming an inclusive subject. The Qal imperfect ya-ʿă-seh {יַעֲשֶׂה | ya-ʿă-seh} with the demonstrative adverb khā-khâh {כָּ֖כָה | khā-khâh} issues a judicial injunction. The particle ’et {אֶת | ’et} marks ’ēl-leh {אֵ֑לֶּה | ’ēl-leh} “these” as the direct object, referring to the prescribed rites. The Hiphil infinitive construct lə-hă-qriḇ {לְהַקְרִ֛יב | lə-hă-qriḇ} introduces the purpose clause “to offer,” specifying ’iš-šeh {אִשֵּׁ֥ה | ’iš-šeh} “fire offering.” The nouns rê-aḥ {רֵֽיחַ | rê-aḥ} “aroma” and nî-ḥō-aḥ {נִיחֹ֖חַ | nî-ḥō-aḥ} “pleasing” qualify the offering as acceptable before la-Yahweh {לַֽיהוָה | la-Yahweh} “to the LORD.” This sequence—verb + demonstrative + object marker + infinitive construct + noun series—reflects typical Hebrew legal syntax and ensures the ritual action’s clarity and purpose. |