1 Chronicles 18:10ExegesisTAB

1 Chronicles 18 : 10 Diplomacy | Victory | Tribute
10. Linguistic Exegesis
The verse advances the narrative with the vav consecutive verb vayishlach {וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח | wayyišlaḥ} ‘and he sent,’ where the subject is carried forward from the previous context. The envoy is marked by the object construction et-hadoram-beno {אֶת־הֲדֽוֹרָם־בְּנ֣וֹ | ʾeṯ-hăḏôrām-bənô} ‘Hadoram, his son,’ an appositional identification typical of Hebrew prose. The destination el-hamelekh-david {אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ־דָּ֠וִיד | ʾel-hammeleḵ-dāwîḏ} ‘to King David’ is followed by a purpose chain: leshaol-lishol-lo {לשאול־לִשְׁאָל־ל֨וֹ | ləšaʾōl-lišʾōl-lô} ‘to ask him’ (with a doubled written form) and u-levarakho {וּֽלְבָרֲכ֗וֹ | ûləḇārăḵô} ‘and to bless him,’ expressing diplomatic inquiry and goodwill. The motivation is framed by ʿal {עַל֩ | ʿal} ‘because of’ introducing the relative clause asher nilcham...vayyakkehu {אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִלְחַ֤ם...וַיַּכֵּ֔הוּ | ʾăšer nilḥam...wayyakkehû} ‘that he fought...and struck him,’ summarizing David’s successful campaign. A further explanatory clause begins with ki-ish milchamot {כִּי־אִ֛ישׁ מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת | kî-ʾîš milḥămōṯ} ‘for (he was) a man of wars,’ characterizing Hadadezer as habitually warlike toward Tou. The closing phrase ve-khol kelei zahav va-khesef u-nechoshet {וְכֹ֗ל כְּלֵ֛י זָהָ֥ב וָכֶ֖סֶף וּנְחֹֽשֶׁת | wəkōl kəlê zāhāḇ wāḵeseph ûnəḥōšeṯ} ‘and all vessels of gold and silver and bronze’ functions as an appended list of accompanying valuables, with the verb of sending understood from the opening clause.

More on this verse