| 34. Linguistic Exegesis The narrative employs a vav consecutive in vata‘al {וַתַּ֤עַל | waṯ-ta‘al} ‘and it increased’ to advance the chronological sequence. The nominal hamilchamah {הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ | ha-milḥāmâ} ‘the battle’ functions as the subject, modified by the temporal phrase bayom hahu {בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא | ba-yôm ha-hûʾ} ‘that day.’ The clause umelekh yisra’el hayah ma‘amid {וּמֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הָיָ֨ה מַעֲמִ֧יד | u-meleḵ yiśrāʾēl hāyâ ma‘ammîḏ} uses a Hiphil participle to convey the king’s exertion in staying upright. Spatial orientation is marked by bamerkavah nokhach aram {בַּמֶּרְכָּבָ֛ה נֹ֥כַח אֲרָ֖ם | ba-merḵāvâ nōḥaḥ ’ă-rām} ‘in the chariot facing Aram,’ and duration by ad-haarev {עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב | ‘ad-ha-‘ā-reḇ} ‘until evening.’ The final clause vayamat le‘et bo hashemesh {וַיָּ֕מָת לְעֵ֖ת בּ֥וֹא הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ | wa-yāmaṯ le-‘ēṯ bôʾ ha-šāmeš} employs an infinitive construct to signal sunset. The coordinated clause structure preserves the Hebrew’s sequence. |