| 7. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the temporal adverb nyn {νῦν | nŷn} ‘now’, which marks a present moment of realization within the prayer. The main verb egnōkan {ἔγνωκαν | É-gnō-kan} is perfect, presenting the disciples’ knowledge as a completed insight with continuing force. The conjunction hoti {ὅτι | hó-ti} introduces the content of that knowledge, so the rest of the verse states what they now understand. The phrase panta hosa {πάντα ὅσα | pán-ta hó-sa} combines a comprehensive substantive with a matching relative form, intensifying the scope to the whole set of things in view. The perfect dedōkas {δέδωκάς | Dé-dō-kas} places the giving in the past while preserving its present significance, and the dative moi {μοι | moi} identifies the Son as the recipient. The prepositional phrase para sou {παρὰ σοῦ | pa-rá soû} foregrounds source or origin, and the final eisin {εἰσιν | eí-sin} states the continuing condition of what has been given: it stands as originating from the Father. The sentence moves from present realization to the content of that realization, ending with a theological emphasis on divine origin rather than mere possession. |