| 8. Linguistic Exegesis The opening hoti {ὅτι | hó-ti} introduces an explanatory clause that grounds the prayer statement in what follows. The fronted phrase ta rhēmata ha edōkas moi {τὰ ῥήματα ἃ ἔδωκάς μοι | ta rhḗmata ha edṓkas moi} places the Father-given words at the head of the sentence, giving prominence to revelation as something received before it is passed on. The perfect dedōka {δέδωκα | dedṓka} presents Jesus’ giving to the disciples as a completed act with lasting effect. The coordinated aorists elabon {ἔλαβον | e-lá-bon}, egnōsan {ἔγνωσαν | e-gnō-san}, and episteusan {ἐπίστευσαν | e-pi-steu-san} form a progression from reception to recognition to belief, so faith emerges from contact with the words rather than from detached speculation. The adverb alēthōs {ἀληθῶς | a-lē-thōs} intensifies the knowing into settled certainty. The phrase para sou {παρὰ σοῦ | pa-rá sou} marks source or origin from the Father’s side, so exēlthon {ἐξῆλθον | ex-ēl-thon} is not mere movement but a claim of divine origin and mission. The final hoti-clause {ὅτι | hó-ti} climaxes the sentence by naming the content of their belief: the Father sent the Son. |