John 4:13 — ExegesisTAB

The verse opens with the narrative aorist verbs apekrithe {ἀπεκρίθη | a-pe-krí-thē} “answered” and eipen {εἶπεν | eî-pen} “said,” a common Johannine pairing that introduces direct speech and marks a new turn in the dialogue. The indirect object aute {αὐτῇ | au-têi} “to her” precedes the quotation, highlighting the Samaritan woman as the direct recipient of Jesus’ words. Within the saying, the construction pas ho pinon {Πᾶς ὁ πίνων | pâs ho pí-nōn} combines the adjective pas “every” with the article plus present participle, forming a generic, characterizing expression meaning “everyone who is drinking,” with the present participle indicating a customary or ongoing action. The prepositional phrase ek tou hydatos toutou {ἐκ τοῦ ὕδατος τούτου | ek toû hý-da-tos toú-tou} specifies source or origin, “from this water,” and the demonstrative toutou “this” points deictically to the well water at hand, creating a contrast with the “living water” of the broader context. The future verb dipseisei {διψήσει | dip-sḗ-sei} “will thirst” expresses the inevitable result of such drinking, while palin {πάλιν | pá-lin} “again” underscores repetition, reinforcing the inadequacy of the physical water to give lasting satisfaction. In translation, the participial phrase is rendered with a relative-like structure (“who drinks”) to sound natural while preserving the generic force, and the future clause is expressed as “will be thirsty again / will become thirsty again” to communicate repeated, not merely initial, thirst.