Mark 14:30 — ExegesisTAB

The sentence begins with kai {καὶ | kaí} linking this saying to the immediate narrative context, followed by the historical present legei {λέγει | lé-gei}, which vividly presents the scene. The indirect object autō {αὐτῷ | au-tôi} precedes the explicit subject ho Iēsous {ὁ Ἰησοῦς | ho Iē-soûs}, a typical Greek word order that keeps focus on Jesus as speaker. The solemn particle Amēn {Ἀμὴν | a-mḗn} fronts the direct discourse, marking what follows as an emphatic and trustworthy declaration. The main clause within the quotation is legō soi {λέγω σοι | lé-gō soi}, introducing the content clause with hoti {ὅτι | hó-ti}. Within that clause, the subject sy {σὺ | sý} is fronted for emphasis, making Peter personally the focus of the prediction. The temporal framework is intensified by combining sēmeron {σήμερον | sḗ-me-ron} “today” with the dative phrase tautē tē nykti {ταύτῃ τῇ νυκτὶ | taú-tē tē nyk-tì} “in this very night,” creating a tight temporal window. The subordinate temporal clause prin ē dis alektora phōnēsai {πρὶν ἢ δὶς ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι | prìn ḕ dìs a-lék-to-ra phō-nê-sai} uses prin with the conjunction ē plus an aorist infinitive to mark a limit point “before a rooster has crowed twice,” with dis and tris {τρίς | trís} adding numerical specificity to both the crowing and the denials. The verb aparnēsē {ἀπαρνήσῃ | a-par-nḗ-sē} in the aorist middle subjunctive, framed by this temporal clause, functions as a predictive assertion whose certainty is strengthened by the amen formula and the detailed time markers. In English, the temporal elements are rearranged slightly (“today, in this very night, before...”) to keep readability while preserving the intensification and the emphatic second person (“you yourself”) signaled by sy.