| 2. Linguistic Exegesis The conjunction kai {καί | kaí} connects this verse to the preceding narrative, while the adverbs lian {λίαν | lí-an} and proi {πρωῒ | prō-í} combine to convey a heightened temporal sense “very early” in the morning. The dative article te with the cardinal number mia and the genitive phrase ton sabbaton {τῇ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων | tē̂ mi-â tō̂n sab-bá-tōn} form a Semitic idiom indicating “on the first day of the week.” The verb erkhontai {ἔρχονται | ér-khon-tai} appears in the present middle indicative third person plural as a historical present to bring vividness to their arrival. The prepositional phrase epi to mnemeion {ἐπὶ τὸ μνημεῖον | e-pí tó mnē-meî-on} uses epi with the accusative to denote motion toward the tomb. The genitive absolute anateilantos tou heliou {ἀνατείλαντος τοῦ ἡλίου | a-na-teí-lan-tos toû hē-lí-ou} functions as a circumstantial temporal clause “when the sun had risen,” which in English is rendered idiomatically as “at the rising of the sun” or captured by “At dawn.” The placement of these temporal markers around the verb emphasizes the immediacy and significance of the women’s approach. |