| 23. Linguistic Exegesis The opening ho de {ὁ δὲ | ho dè} links this corrective address to prior dialogue, with the article ho functioning as a nominal pronoun for Jesus and the postpositive de introducing contrast. The aorist participle strapheis {στραφεὶς | stra-pheìs} “having turned” precedes the main verb eipen {εἶπεν | eî-pen}, forming a participial clause that signals a swift physical motion. The dative phrase tō Petrō {τῷ Πέτρῳ | tô Pé-trō} marks Peter as the indirect object. In the direct speech, the imperative Hypage {Ὕπαγε | Hý-pa-ge} “go away” with the prepositional phrase opisō mou {ὀπίσω μου | o-pí-sō mou} “behind me” delivers both a spatial and metaphorical rebuke. The vocative Satana {Σατανᾶ | Sa-ta-nâ} intensifies the address by naming Peter’s alignment with the adversary. The predicate skandalon {σκάνδαλον | skán-da-lon} “stumbling block” with ei {εἶ | eî} “you are” portrays Peter as an obstacle. The causal clause hoti {ὅτι | hó-ti} “because” contrasts ou phroneis ta tou theou {οὐ φρονεῖς τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ} “you are not mindful of the things of God” with phroneis ta tôn anthrōpōn {φρονεῖς τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων} “you are mindful of the things of people,” the adversative alla underlining the sharp opposition between divine and human priorities. |