| 7. Linguistic Exegesis The coordinating conjunction kai {καὶ | kaí} links this verse to the preceding narrative. The aorist active participle proselthōn {προσελθὼν | pro-sel-thōn} “having come near” functions as a circumstantial participle indicating prior motion toward the disciples. The definite article ho {ὁ | hō} and proper noun Iēsous {Ἰησοῦς | Iē-soûs} together introduce Jesus as the subject. The aorist middle participle hapsamenos {ἁψάμενος | hap-sá-me-nos} “having touched” takes the genitive autōn {αὐτῶν | au-tō̂n} as its object, conveying a personal reassurance. The main verb eipen {εἶπεν | eî-pen} “he said” introduces direct speech. In the quotation, the aorist passive imperative egerthēte {Ἐγέρθητε | e-ger-thē-te} “Arise” issues a one-time command, while the present middle/passive imperative phobeisthe {φοβεῖσθε | pho-beî-sthe} “do not be afraid” with the negative particle mē {μὴ | mē} forbids an ongoing state of fear. The participles are rendered as finite verbs for narrative flow, and the imperatives are maintained as direct commands to preserve the comforting yet authoritative tone. |