| 30. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with ho de ouk ēthelen {ὁ δὲ οὐκ ἤθελεν | ho dè ouk ḗ-the-len}, where the article functions pronominally as “he,” and the postpositive de signals contrast with the prior appeal for mercy. The imperfect ēthelen conveys a sustained refusal, rendered in the formal as “was not willing” and in the dynamic as “refused to comply.” The adversative alla {ἀλλὰ | al-lá} introduces the alternative action. The aorist participle apelthōn {ἀπελθὼν | a-pel-thṓn} is adverbial and antecedent in time, rendered as “went away” in the formal and “walked away” in the dynamic. The main narrative verb ebalen {ἔβαλεν | é-ba-len}, combined with the prepositional eis phylakēn {εἰς φυλακὴν | eis phy-la-kḗn}, depicts forceful imprisonment. The temporal limit heōs hou apodō {ἕως οὗ ἀποδῷ | hé-ōs hoû a-po-dṓ}, with the aorist subjunctive, indicates a contingent future payment, rendered in the formal as “until he should pay” and in the dynamic as “until he paid back.” The object to opheilomenon {τὸ ὀφειλόμενον | to o-phei-ló-me-non} is “the thing being owed,” encapsulating the full debt. |