| 27. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with tote {Τότε | Tó-te} marking temporal progression, linking Peter’s question to the preceding teaching about riches and the kingdom. The aorist participle apokritheis {ἀποκριθεὶς | a-po-kri-THEIS} combines with the finite verb eipen {εἶπεν | EI-pen} in an idiomatic “answering, he said” construction that foregrounds Peter as the speaker without adding a separate temporal nuance. The subject is specified by the articular proper name ho Petros {ὁ Πέτρος | ho Pé-tros}, highlighting Peter’s representative role. The indirect object autō {αὐτῷ | au-TŌ} points contextually to Jesus, forming a direct address. The interjection idou {Ἰδοὺ | i-DOU} introduces Peter’s emphatic assertion, followed by the pronoun hēmeis {ἡμεῖς | hē-MEIS}, which is unnecessary for basic grammar but used here for emphasis, stressing “we ourselves.” The two aorist verbs aphēkamen {ἀφήκαμεν | a-PHĒ-ka-men} and ēkolouthēsamen {ἠκολουθήσαμέν | ē-ko-lou-THĒ-sa-men} form a coordinated pair describing decisive past actions: abandoning and then following. The object panta {πάντα | PAN-ta} conveys comprehensive renunciation (“all things”). The closing question ti ara estai hēmin {τί ἄρα ἔσται ἡμῖν | TI A-ra ES-tai hē-MĒN} uses the interrogative ti with the inferential particle ara to express a reasoned expectation about future outcome or reward, with hēmin marking the disciples as beneficiaries. In English, the formal rendering preserves the sequential structure and explicit “all things” plus “what then will there be for us,” while the dynamic rendering uses contemporary idiom (“given up everything,” “what will we receive”) to convey the same expectation within natural speech. |