| 3. Linguistic Exegesis The coordinating conjunction kai {καί | kaí} links this verse to the preceding narrative, with the particle idou {ἰδού | idoú} functioning as an exclamation to draw attention. The aorist passive verb ōphthē {ὤφθη | ṓph-thē} indicates a vision granted by divine agency rather than human action. The dative autois {αὐτοῖς | autoîs} identifies the disciples as recipients of the vision. The compound nominative Mōusēs {Μωϋσῆς | Mōusēs} and Ēlías {Ἠλίας | Ēlías} serves as the subject, presented without articles to signal well-known figures. The present active participle syllaloûntes {συλλαλοῦντες | syllaloûntes} conveys ongoing conversation, and the prepositional phrase met autou {μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ | met autoû} specifies that the dialogue is with Jesus in the surrounding context. |