1 And it happened after this that David struck the Philistines and subdued {yakniʿeim: forced submission} them, and David took Metheg-ammah {meteg: controlling rein} (the bridle of the mother city) from the hand of the Philistines.
2 And he struck Moab and measured them with a cord, laying them on the ground; he measured two lengths to put to death and one full length to keep alive. Thus Moab became servants {laavadim: subjugated laborers} to David, bearing tribute {minchah: required payment}.
3 And David struck down {wayyak: decisive military action} Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to restore his hand at the Euphrates River {Perat: major eastern boundary}.
4 And David {dawid: Israel’s King} captured from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen and twenty thousand foot soldiers. And David hamstrung all the chariot horses, but he left enough for a hundred chariots {rakev: War Vehicle}.
5 Aram from Damascus {damesek: strategic city} came to help Hadadezer {hadadezer: Aramean king}, king of Zobah, and David struck down twenty-two thousand men.
6 And David placed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and Aram became servants to David, bearing tribute. And the LORD {YHWH, Victory Giver} gave David victory everywhere he went {halakh: purposeful journey}.
7 And David took the gold shields {shiltei hazahav: ceremonial defensive weapons} that belonged to the servants of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem {Yerushalayim: royal sanctuary city}.
8 And from Betah {Betah: fortified town} and from Berotai, the cities of Hadadezer, King David took a very great amount of bronze {nechoshet: copper alloy}.
9 And Toi {Toi: Aramean ruler}, king of Hamath, heard that David had struck down all the army {cheil: military unit} of Hadadezer.
10 And Toi sent Joram his son to King David to inquire about his welfare {shalom: completeness, peace} and to ask for his blessing, because he had fought against Hadadezer and struck him; for Hadadezer was a warrior {ish: veteran fighter}. And in his hand were vessels of silver, vessels of gold, and vessels of bronze.
11 King David also dedicated these items to the LORD {YHWH, Sovereign Recipient}, with the silver and gold which he had dedicated from all the nations that he had subdued {kibbēš: conquered by force}.
12 From Edom and from Moab, and from the sons {benei: descendants} of Ammon, and from the Philistines, and from Amalek, and from the spoil {shalal: plunder} of Hadadezer, son of Rechov, king of Zobah.
13 And David made a name {shem: renown gained by victory} for himself when he returned from striking down the Edomites in the Valley of Salt {begei melakh: salt-basin battlefield}, eighteen thousand men.
14 And he placed garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom he stationed them, and all Edom became servants {avadim: subordinate subjects} to David, and the LORD {YHWH, Protector and Helper} delivered David wherever he went.
15 And David reigned over all Israel, and he administered justice {mishpat: legal decision} and righteousness for all his people {ammo: covenant community}.
16 And Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army {tsava: military host}, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder {mazkir: royal chronicler}.
17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests{kohanim: hereditary ministers}, and Seraiah was scribe{sofer: royal secretary}.
18 And Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Kerethites {kereti: royal guards} and the Pelethites, and the sons of David were priests {kohanim: royal ministers}.