| 2. Linguistic Exegesis The sentence opens with edei {ᾔδει | ē-dei} ‘knew’, placing the state of knowledge first for emphasis before the knower is fully identified. The connective de kai {δὲ καὶ | de kai} links this clause to the surrounding narrative and adds Judas to the discussion. The phrase Ioudas ho paradidous auton {Ἰούδας ὁ παραδιδοὺς αὐτὸν | Iou-das ho pa-ra-di-dous au-ton} is appositional: ho paradidous ‘the one handing over’ functions as an attributive description of Judas, identifying him by his ongoing action toward auton ‘Him’. The object ton topon {τὸν τόπον | ton to-pon} is specific and known in context, and it belongs with edei. The hoti clause {ὅτι πολλάκις συνήχθη Ἰησοῦς ἐκεῖ μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ | ho-ti pol-la-kis sy-nē-chthē Iē-soūs e-kei me-ta tōn ma-thē-tōn au-tou} explains why Judas knew the place. Although synēchthē {συνήχθη | sy-nē-chthē} is aorist passive, the presence of pollakis {πολλάκις | pol-la-kis} gives it customary force, so English naturally renders the action as repeated meeting or assembling rather than a single event. The subject Iesous {Ἰησοῦς | Iē-soūs} appears after the verb in typical narrative style, ekei {ἐκεῖ | e-kei} specifies the location, and meta tōn mathētōn autou {μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ | me-ta tōn ma-thē-tōn au-tou} highlights companionship and the shared setting that made the place familiar to Judas. |