Matthew 19:12ExegesisTAB

Matthew 19 : 12 Celibacy | Classification | Acceptance
12. Linguistic Exegesis
The verse hinges on the repeated finite verb eisin {εἰσὶν | ei-sìn} with predicate eunouchoi {εὐνοῦχοι | eu-noû-khoi}, introducing three parallel relative clauses marked by hoitines {οἵτινες | hoí-ti-nes} to classify types of eunuchs. The first clause uses ek koilias mētros egennēthēsan houtōs {ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς ἐγεννήθησαν οὕτως | ek koi-lí-as mḗ-tros e-gen-nḗ-thē-san hoú-tōs} to denote an innate condition. The second employs the passive eunouchisthēsan hupo tōn anthrōpōn {εὐνουχίσθησαν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων | eu-nou-khís-thē-san hy-pó tōn an-thrṓ-pōn} to indicate human agency. The third shifts to active voice with reflexive eunouchisan heautous dia tēn basileian tōn ouranōn {εὐνούχισαν ἑαυτοὺς διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν | eu-noú-khi-san he-au-toús di-á tēn ba-si-leí-an tōn ou-ra-nṓn}, expressing voluntary renunciation for a purpose. The closing ho dynamenos chōrein chōreitō {ὁ δυνάμενος χωρεῖν χωρείτω | ho dy-ná-me-nos khō-reîn khō-reí-tō} combines a substantival participle, infinitive, and imperative to issue a personal exhortation. The formal rendition preserves the threefold structure literally, while the dynamic reshapes the flow for readability and uses “Whoever” to stress universal applicability.

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