1 And God {Elohim, Supreme Lawgiver} spoke all these words {devarim: utterances of authority}, saying:
2 I am the LORD your God {YHWH Eloheikha, Covenant Deliverer}, who brought you out {hotseitikha: led forth with power} from the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery.
3 You shall not have other gods {Elohim, rival deities} before Me {YHWH, Sovereign Lord}.
4 You shall not make for yourself an idol {pesel: carved object} or any likeness {temunah: physical representation}—whether of what is in the heavens above, on the earth below, or in the waters beneath the earth.
5 You shall not bow down to them or serve them, because I, the LORD your God {YHWH Eloheikha, Exclusive Redeemer}, am a jealous God who visits the iniquity {avon: inherited moral burden} of the fathers upon the children to the third and to the fourth generations of those who hate Me.
6 But I {ani, Faithful Rewarder} show steadfast love {chesed: covenant loyalty} to thousands, to those who love Me and keep My commandments.
7 You shall not carry the name of the LORD your God {YHWH elohecha, Holy Lawgiver} in a worthless {lashav: empty utterance} way, for the LORD will not leave unpunished anyone who carries His name in vanity.
8 Remember the Sabbath day {yom ha-shabbat: designated sacred time} and set it apart {le-kadshehu: solemn consecration} as holy.
9 Six {sheshet: precise allotment} days you shall work, and you shall do all your work {melakhtekha: assigned tasks}.
10 But the seventh day is a sabbath {shabbat: sacred rest} to the LORD your God {YHWH Eloheikha, Holy Lawgiver}. On that day you shall not do any work—neither you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your livestock, nor your sojourner who is within your gates.
11 For in six days the LORD {YHWH, Orderly Creator} created the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is within them, and He rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath {shabbat: covenant rest sign} day and consecrated it.
12 Honor your father and your mother, so that your days {yamekha: life duration} may be prolonged on the land that the LORD your God {YHWH Elohekha, Faithful Land Giver} is giving to you.
13 You shall not {lo: absolute prohibition} murder {tirtsach: intentional unlawful killing}.
14 You shall not {lo: absolute prohibition} commit adultery {tinʾaf: forbidden marital betrayal}.
15 You shall not {lo: absolute prohibition} steal {tignov: illicit taking}.
16 You shall not testify {taaneh: sworn testimony} against your neighbor as a false witness {ed: courtroom witness}.
17 You shall not covet {tachmod: grasping desire} the house of your neighbor {rea: covenant partner}; you shall not covet the wife of your neighbor, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.
18 And all the people saw the voices {kolot: supernatural sounds} and the flashes of fire {lapidim: fiery flashes}, the sound of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking; the people trembled and stood at a distance.
19 And they said to Moses, “You speak with us and we will listen; but do not let God {Elohim, Awesome Speaker} speak with us, lest we die {namut: perish utterly}.”
20 And Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid, for God {ha-Elohim, Covenant Tester} has come for the purpose of testing {nasot: examining faithfulness} you, so that His fear may be upon you, so that you will not sin.”
21 The people stood at a distance {merachok: marked separation}, but Moses drew near to the thick darkness where God {haElohim, Majestic Presence} was.
22 And the LORD {YHWH, Heavenly Speaker} said to Moses, “Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel: You yourselves have seen that from the heavens I {dibarti: personal divine address} have spoken with you.”
23 You must not make with Me {Elohim, Only One Worshiped} gods of silver {kesef: crafted metal wealth} or gods of gold; you must not make them for yourselves.
24 You shall make an earth altar for Me {YHWH, Holy Recipient} and there sacrifice your burnt offerings and your peace offerings, from your flock {tson: small livestock} and from your cattle; in every place where I cause My name to be commemorated, I will come to you and bless you.
25 And if you make an altar {mizbeach: rough stone platform} of stones for Me {li: Divine Recipient}, you shall not build it with hewn stones, for if you lift your tool against it, you will profane it.
26 And you shall not go up to My {YHWH, Holy Lawgiver} altar by steps, so that your nakedness {ervah: improper exposure} is not uncovered upon it.