1 These are the kings of the land whom the sons of Israel defeated {hiku: decisively overcame} and whose territory they took and settled in, in the region beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from the Arnon stream to Mount Hermon, including all the Arabah {aravah: Rift Valley plain} on the east.
2 Sihon, king of the Amorites {emori: highland people}, who lived in Heshbon {cheshbon: royal city}, ruled from Aroer, which is on the bank of the Arnon wadi and the middle of the wadi, and half of Gilead, as far as the Jabbok wadi, the boundary of the sons of Ammon.
3 And the Arabah {aravah: low-lying steppe} as far as the Sea of Kinneroth, eastward, and as far as the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, eastward, by the road to Beth Jeshimoth, and from the south, below the slopes of Pisgah {Pisgah: rocky summit}.
4 And the territory of Og {Og: Amorite ruler}, king of Bashan, one from the remnant of the Rephaim {refaim: ancient giants}, who dwelt in Ashtarot and in Edrei.
5 And he ruled over Mount Hermon, over Salcah {sal-kah: strategic outpost}, and over all of Bashan up to the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half of Gilead {gil-ad: fertile highlands}, as far as the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.
6 Moses, the servant of the LORD {YHWH, Authorizing Master}, and the sons of Israel struck them down, and Moses, the servant of the LORD, gave it as an inheritance {yerushah: permanent grant} to the Reubenites, to the Gadites, and to half the tribe of Manasseh.
7 These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the sons of Israel struck down west of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the valley of Lebanon to Mount Halak {he-chalak: Smooth Ascent} that rises toward Seir; and Joshua assigned this land as an inheritance {yerushah: tribal allotment} to the tribes of Israel according to their divisions.
8 In the hill country, in the lowland {shefelah: western foothills}, in the Arabah {aravah: arid plain}, in the slopes, in the wilderness, and in the Negev, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
9 Jericho: one king; Ai {ha'ai: ruin-town}, beside Bethel: one {echad: single ruler}.
10 Jerusalem {Yerushalayim: City of Peace} had one king; Hebron {Chevron: Association, Ancient City} had one.
11 Jarmuth {yarmut: Fortified City}: one king; Lachish {lakhish: Fortified Stronghold}: one.
12 Eglon: one king {melek: royal ruler}; Gezer: one {echad: sole figure} king.
13 Debir {dvir: city in the hill country}, one king; Geder {geder: fortified town}, one king.
14 Hormah {kharmah: devoted city} had one king; Arad {arad: desert fortress} had one.
15 Libnah {livnah: fortified town}: one king; Adullam {adullam: rocky refuge}: one.
16 Makkedah {makkedah: fortified site}: one {echad: a single count} king; Bethel: one {echad: a single count}.
17 Tappuah {tappuach: strategic settlement}: one king; Hepher {chefer: fortified city}: one.
18 Aphek {afek: fortified city}: one king {melek: sovereign ruler}; Lasharon: one.
19 Madon {mā-dōn: Canaanite city-state}: one king; Chatzor {ḥā-ṣôr: major fortified stronghold}: one.
20 Shimron Meron {Shimron Meron: ancient city alliance} had one king {melech: ruling authority}; Akshaph had one king.
21 Ta’anakh {ta’anakh: Jezreel Fortress} had one king; Megiddo {megiddo: Strategic Stronghold} had one.
22 The king of Kedesh {qedesh: Sanctuary City} was one; the king of Jokneʻam {yokneʻam: Fortified Town} by Carmel was one.
23 The king of Dor in Naphoth Dor {napat: elevated district} was one; the king of Goiim {goyim: tribal groups} in Gilgal was one.
24 Tirzah {Tirzah: Canaanite stronghold} had one king; the total number of kings {melakhim: city-state rulers} was thirty-one.