1 And the LORD {YHWH, Covenant Instructor} spoke to Moses, saying {leʾmor: introducing divine speech},
2 Send for yourself men that they may explore the land of Canaan, which I {YHWH, Promise Giver} am giving to the sons of Israel. From each tribe of his fathers you shall send one man, every one a leader {nasi: principal representative} among them.
3 And Moses sent them from the wilderness of Paran by the command of the LORD {YHWH, Divine Commander}; all of them were men, leaders {rashei: chief authorities} of the sons of Israel.
4 And these are their names: for the tribe {matteh: clan unit} of Reuben, Shammua son {ben: lineal descendant} of Zakkur.
5 From the tribe of Simeon {shimon: hearing}, Shaphat {shaphat: judge} son of Hori.
6 For the tribe of Judah, Caleb {Kalev: wholehearted one} son of Jephunneh {Yefunneh: prepared one}.
7 For the tribe {matteh: tribal division} of Issachar, Igal son {ben: direct descendant} of Joseph.
8 From the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea {hoshea: deliverer} son of Nun {nun: his father’s name}.
9 For the tribe{matteh: family division} of Benjamin, Palti the son{ben: male descendant} of Raphu.
10 From the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel {gadiel: fortune of God} son of Sodi {ben: indicating descent}.
11 From the tribe {matteh: clan division} of Joseph, from the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi son {ben: descendant title} of Susi.
12 For the tribe {matteh: clan division} of Dan, Ammiel {Ammiel: kinsman of God} son of Gemalli.
13 From the tribe {lematteh: tribal division} of Asher {Asher: happy/blessed}, Setur son of Mikhael.
14 From the tribe {matteh: clan division} of Naphtali, Nahbi the son {ben: patronymic link} of Vophsi.
15 For the tribe of Gad, Geu’el {geu'el: God Exalts}, son {ben: Descendant Line} of Makhi.
16 These are the names of the men whom Moses {Moshe: drawn out} sent to explore the land. Moses called Hoshea the son of Nun, Joshua {Yehoshua: YHWH is salvation}.
17 And Moses {Mosheh: Appointed Leader} sent them to spy out the land {eretz: promised territory} of Canaan, and he said to them, “Go up here through the Negev and go up into the hill country.”
18 And you shall see the land {ha’aretz: fertile territory}—what it is—and the people who dwell on it, whether they are strong or weak {harafeh: lacking power}, few or many.
19 And what is the land {ha-arets: territory or region} in which they are dwelling— is it good or bad? And what are the towns {he-arim: permanent settlements} in which they are residing? Are they in the camps or in fortresses?
20 And what about the land— is it fertile {shemenah: rich, productive} or lean {razah: poor, barren}? Is there a tree within it or not? And you must strengthen yourselves and bring back some of the fruit of the land. Now the days were the days of the firstfruits of grapes.
21 And they went up and scouted out the land {ha’aretz: territory promised to Israel} from the wilderness of Zin as far as Rechov, toward the entrance of Hamath {levo chamat: northern gateway}.
22 And they went up into the Negev, and they came to Hebron. There Achiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the offspring of Anak {anak: long-necked ones}, were present. Hebron had been built seven years before Zoan {tsoan: Egyptian Delta City} in Egypt.
23 And they came to the Valley of Eshkol, and from there they cut down a branch and a single cluster of grapes, and they carried it on a pole {bamot: carrying pole} between two {bishnayim: dual form}; they also took some pomegranates and some figs.
24 That place was called the Valley of Eshcol{eskol: grape cluster} because of the cluster which the sons of Israel{benei yisrael: covenant people} cut off from there.
25 And they returned from exploring the land {arets: promised territory} at the end of forty days {yom: complete cycles}.
26 And they went and came to Moses and to Aaron and to all the assembly {adat: congregation gathering} of the sons of Israel, to the wilderness of Paran at Kadesh; and they brought back word to them and to all the congregation, and showed them the fruit {peri: produce, yield} of the land.
27 And they recounted to him and said, “We have come to the land you sent us to, and it flows {zavat: ongoing abundance} with milk and honey, and this is its fruit {pirya: tangible yield}.”
28 However, the people dwelling in the land are strong, and the cities are fortified {betsurot: well-defended} and very large, and also the offspring {yelidei: born descendants} of Anak we saw there.
29 Amalek dwells in the land of the Negev {negev: southern region}; and the Hittite, the Jebusite, and the Amorite dwell in the hill country; and the Canaanite dwells by the sea and beside the Jordan {yarden: flowing river}.
30 And Caleb {Kalev: Courageous Advocate} hushed the people before Moses and said, "Let us go up at once and possess the land {yarash: take as inheritance}, for we are fully able."
31 But the men who went up with him said, “We are not able to go up against {la‘ālot: ascend to fight} the people, for they are stronger {ḥāzāq: possessing might} than we are.”
32 And they brought out a slanderous report of the land which they had spied out to the sons of Israel, saying, “The land which we have passed through to scout it out is a land devouring its inhabitants {okhelet: consuming dwellers}, and all the people whom we saw in its midst are men of great stature {midot: impressive height}.”
33 And there we saw the Nephilim {hannefilim: legendary giants}, the sons of Anak who were of the Nephilim; and we were in our own eyes like grasshoppers {kakhagavim: humble insects}, and so we were in their eyes.