1 And He {Iesous, Parable Teacher} began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard {ampelon: cultivated grape field} and set a fence around it, and dug a wine-vat, and built a tower, and leased it to farmers, and went away on a journey.”
2 And he sent a servant to the farmers at the season {kairos: appointed time}, so that from the farmers he might receive some of the fruit of the vineyard {ampelos: cultivated grape field}.
3 And having seized {labontes: forceful taking} him, they beat him and sent him away empty {kenon: without anything}.
4 And again he sent to them another servant {doulon: household emissary}, and they struck him on the head, and they dishonored {etimasan: treated with contempt} him.
5 And he sent another, and they killed him. And many others also—some they were beating {derontes: violently striking}, and some they were killing {apoktennontes: putting to death}.
6 He still had one beloved {agapeton: deeply loved one} son; he sent him last {eschaton: final opportunity} to them, saying, “They will respect my son.”
7 But those farmers said to themselves, “This is the heir {kleronomos: legal inheritor}; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours {hemon: belonging to us}.”
8 And after taking him, they killed {apekteinan: put to death} him and cast him outside of the vineyard {ampelonos: cultivated field for grapes}.
9 What will the Lord {Kyrios, Righteous Owner} of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the tenant farmers {georgos: unfaithful stewards}, and will give the vineyard to others.
10 Nor have you read this Scripture {graphe: sacred text}: “The stone which the builders {oikodomountes: construction experts} rejected, this has become the head of the corner.”
11 This happened from the Lord {Kyrios, Sovereign Actor}, and it is marvelous {thaumaste: inspiring wonder} in our eyes.
12 And they were seeking to seize Him {Iesous, Confronting Leaders}, but they were afraid of the crowd {ochlos: volatile multitude}, for they knew that He had spoken the parable against them, and after leaving Him, they went away.
13 And they sent to Him {Iesous, Targeted Messiah} some of the Pharisees and some of the Herodians {Herodianos: royal partisans} in order to trap Him with a word.
14 And after they came, they said to Him, “Teacher, we know that you are true {alethes: honest, reliable}, and you do not care about anyone; for you do not look at the face of men, but in truth you teach the way of God {Theos, Standard of Truth}. Is it permitted to give tribute to Caesar, or not? Should we give, or should we not give?”
15 But He {Iesous, Heart-Knowing Teacher}, knowing their hypocrisy {hupokrisis: outward show}, said to them, “Why do you test Me? Bring Me a denarius, so that I may see it.”
16 And they brought it, and He {Iesous, Wise Teacher} said to them, “Whose image {eikon: likeness imprint} is this, and whose inscription is it?” And they said to Him, “Caesar’s.”
17 But Jesus {Iesous, Wise Teacher} said to them, “Give back to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God {Theos, Ultimate Owner} the things that are God’s.” And they were utterly amazed at Him.
18 And the Sadducees {Saddoukaioi: temple aristocrats} came to Him {Iesous, Questioned Teacher}, those who say there is no resurrection, and they were questioning Him, saying,
19 Teacher {didaskale: respectful address}, Moses wrote to us that if someone’s brother should die and leave a wife, and not leave a child, his brother should take the wife and raise up offspring {sperma: legal heir} for his brother.
20 There were seven brothers, and the first {protos: eldest brother} took a wife and, as he was dying, did not leave any offspring {sperma: biological heirs}.
21 And the second took her and died, not leaving offspring {sperma: family line}, and the third {tritos: next in turn} likewise.
22 And the seven did not leave any offspring {sperma: physical descendants}; last of all, the woman {gyne: lawful wife} also died.
23 In the resurrection {anastasis: future raising}, when they rise, whose wife will she be of them? For the seven had her as wife {gynaika: marital partner}.
24 Jesus {Iesous, Discerning Teacher} said to them, “Are you not mistaken because you do not know the Scriptures nor the power of God {Theos, Source Of Power}?”
25 For when they rise from the dead, they do not marry {gamousin: enter into marriage} and they are not given in marriage, but they are like angels {angeloi: heavenly messengers} in the heavens.
26 But concerning the dead, that they are raised, have you not read in the book {biblō: sacred scroll} of Moses, at the passage about the bush, how God {Theos, Living Covenant God} spoke to him, saying, “I am the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob”?
27 God {Theos, God of the Living} is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are greatly mistaken {planasthe: deeply misled}.
28 And one of the scribes {grammateōn: expert in Scripture} came forward and, having heard them disputing and seen that He {Iesous, Skilled Answerer} had answered them well, asked Him, “Which commandment is first of all?”
29 Jesus {Iesous, Faithful Teacher} answered, “The first is, ‘Hear, O Israel: the Lord {Kyrios, Covenant King} our God {Theos, Sole Ruler}, the Lord is one.’”
30 And you shall love the Lord your God {Kyrios Theos, Deserving Whole Love} with all your heart, and with all your soul {psuche: inner life core}, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.
31 The second {deutera: chief in rank} is this: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. No other commandment {entole: binding directive} stands above these.
32 And the scribe said to Him {Iesous, Honored Teacher}, “Well, Teacher {didaskalos: trusted instructor}, You have spoken truly, that He {Theos, One True God} is One, and there is no other except Him.”
33 And to love Him {Theos, Supreme Beloved} with all the heart and with all the understanding {synesis: thoughtful insight} and with all the strength, and to love the neighbor {plesion: nearby fellow person} as oneself, is more than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.
34 And Jesus {Iesous, Discerning Teacher}, having seen that he answered wisely, said to him, "You are not far from the kingdom of God {Theos, Sovereign King}." And no one any longer dared to question Him.
35 And Jesus {Iesous, Teaching Messiah}, having answered, was saying while teaching {didaskon: giving authoritative instruction} in the temple, “How do the scribes say that the Christ {Christos, Davidic King} is the Son of David?”
36 David himself said in the Holy Spirit {pneuma hagion, Divine Inspirer}, “The Lord {Kyrios, Covenant Speaker} said to my Lord {Kyrios mou, Exalted Messiah}, ‘Sit at My right hand {dexion: supreme honor}, until I put Your enemies {echthrous: resistant foes} beneath Your feet.’”
37 David himself calls Him Lord {Kyrios, David's Superior}, so how is He his Son? And the great crowd {ochlos: attentive listeners} was listening to Him with delight.
38 And in His {Iesous, Warning Teacher} teaching He was saying, “Beware of the scribes {grammateon: religious law scholars}, those who desire to walk about in robes and greetings in the marketplaces.”
39 And those who desire the chief seats {protokathedrias: primary seating places} in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets {deipnois: formal group meal}.
40 Those who devour {katesthiontes: greedily consume} widows’ houses and, for a pretense {prophásei: false religious show}, offer long prayers—these will receive greater judgment.
41 And having sat down opposite the treasury, He {Iesous, Careful Observer} was watching how the crowd {ochlos: gathered worshipers} was putting copper coins into the treasury, and many rich people were putting in much.
42 And a poor widow {chera: bereaved woman} came and put in two small coins {lepta: tiny copper coins}, which amount to a quadrans.
43 And after calling His disciples to Himself, He {Iesous, Observant Teacher} said to them, “Truly I say to you, this poor widow {chera: socially vulnerable woman} has put in more than all those who were putting into the treasury.”
44 They each offered from their surplus {perisseuontos: overflowing surplus}, but she, from her lack, offered all she possessed—her entire livelihood {bion: entire livelihood}.